Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management

Proceedings of the Third International Symposium Cover

PROCEEDINGS of the Third International Symposium
on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management

February 15-18, 1982
San Diego, California, USA

Edited by Allen F. Crabtree

Symposium Chairmen, Edward W. Colson and Robert E. Tilman

Program Chairman, Allen F. Crabtree

Published by Mississippi State University, 1984

Foreword
Contents

Copies available from:
Bess D. Bragg
Dept. Wildlife & Fisheries
(PO Drawer LW, Mississippi State, MS 39762)

	FOREWORD Edward W. Colson, Symposium Chairman The Third Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management was held February 15-18, 1982, at the Hyatt Islandia Hotel in San Diego, California. Close to 400 attendees from the electric power, pipeline and highway industries, academia, government agencies, and consulting firms attended the conference. The primary goal set forth by the Steering Committee was to provide a forum for the exchange of information on current scientific research and state-of-the-art engineering techniques and regulations in rights-of-way management. An additional goal was to publish the Proceedings of the Symposium. We provided an acceptable forum for the exchange of ideas and depending on your perspective, we published the Proceedings in about a year. In preparing my discussion herein, I reviewed the Proceedings from the previous two symposia held in Mississippi (1976) and Michigan (1979). In the Proceedings of the First National Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management, Dr. John Gill, raised four important questions. These questions are still relevant. I wish to reiterate them and show how we have progressed from that first Symposium. *1. "Was a national Symposium needed?"* There was and still remains a need to continue having periodic symposia on environmental concerns in rights-of-way management for many of the same reasons. While there has been a general economic slowdown resulting in fewer large pipeline, highway and electric power facilities, linear projects are still being proposed to link different transportation, pipeline and power grads across the nation. In addition, many state and local interest groups are playing a key role in decisions that affect environmental concerns. The Administration has shown itself committed to improve this nation's economic strength by opening up federal lands to exploration and development, which may involve more energy projects involving roads, pipelines and electric corridors. Mr. G. Ray Arnett, Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish, Wildlife and Parks, in his keynote address spoke of accelerated development of energy resources, by expanding transportation facilities, including power lines, gas, oil, slurry pipelines, aquaducts, railroads and road systems. He emphasized the "Spirit of Cooperation" that has developed between those in the federal, state and private sectors to work on environmental concerns. Our conference offered the necessary forum for cooperative and constructive discussions. *2. "What were the Symposium's shortcomings?"* Our conference also had its shortcomings, if only a few. While we did incorporate more papers on pipelines and transportation corridors, the balance was not even. And, it may never be, as the number of abstracts submitted in our "call for papers" favored powerline rights-of-ways. We were able to garner a fair representation of attendees from all over the contiguous U.S., Alaska, and Canada. According to the questionnaires we distributed to all attendees, the content and presentations of some of the papers could have been better. There were few innovative ideas on rights-of-way management according to several respondents. Too few papers discussed technical difficulties in the field and maintenance of rights-of-way. Several respondents criticized poor slides and the need for more speaker rehearsal. These are areas where we can make improvements for the next Symposium. *3. "What were the Symposium's accomplishments?"* We brought to the Third Symposium two prominent individuals purported to share opposite views on the environment. The Assistant Secretary of the Interior, Mr. G. Ray Arnett, represented the present Administration which has been criticized for its uncaring attitude and its controversial approach to stewardship of our natural resources. However, Mr. Arnett's keynote address emphasized the spirit of cooperation that has emerged in the '80's between government, developer, and conservationist. He cited many specific examples of government and industry cooperating in efforts to plan and develop needed facilities while carefully providing mitigation and compensation for unavoidable resource losses. Our second keynote speaker, Mr. Michael McCloskey, Executive Director of the Sierra Club, took exception to Mr. James Watt's philosophy as custodian of our nation's resources and gave many examples of government actions that seem to be contrary to preserving our national treasurers. The '80's is a period of discussion, compromise, and mutual pacts that show that we can all work together for the common good of our precious resources. Another accomplishment is that close to 400 people with common interests and challenges were able to get together in San Diego for a captivating four days of stimulating and thought-provoking discourse. Approximately 82 papers were presented in technical sessions, discussion panels, and a poster session. The sessions covered planning and routing, wildlife management, vegetative management, aquatic impacts, endangered species, extra high voltage transmission, health and safety. *4. "Are subsequent symposia needed?"* I sincerely believe the answer is yes. While we do not see as many large projects nationwide as we saw in the late '60's and '70's, we are seeing a trend for many smaller projects. So, the question that is often asked, "What are the cumulative impacts of many small developments on the environment?" While we have often been able to characterize and quantify what specific impacts are occurring for a given linear project, we seldom consider the cumulative impacts to a given region. The next Symposium on environmental concerns of rights-of-way management should address this concern along with others. We still receive frequent calls asking when the next Symposium will be held. Unfortunately, we must plan symposia at least two to three years apart to insure proper planning and to present new material generated in the field.



	CONTENTS Keynote Address - Right-of-Way and Wildlife Management: Coming of Age G. Ray Arnett, Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish and Wildlife and Parks Keynote Address - An Unprecedented Challenge Michael McCloskey, Executive Director, Sierra Club *Planning and Routing* Al Rodney, Session Chairman NY Natural Gas Pipelines: A One-Stop Shopping Process Richard H. Powell Hidden Benefits of the Council on Environmental Quality Regulations: Preparation Plans, the Third Party EIS Process and BCM Janice R. Hutton and Donald J. Miller Impact Analysis Methods: A Comparative Review Daniel J. Bisenius and Jay C. Marcotte Highway Noise and Residential Property Values George H. Cramer, II and Max J. Derbes, Jr. Computer Assisted Route Selection Steven J. Kangisser A New Approach - Environmental Feasibility Studies R. J. Stedwill, D. P. Goode, and M. P. Filion Environmental Protection Planning for a Canadian Segment of the Alaska Highway Gas Line Doris M. Morris Single Regulatory Process for Electric Transmission Lines Donald G. Beamer Effective Management and Disposal of Electric Utility Company Recreational Land W. L. Reid Applications of Aerial Photography in Transmission Line Natural Features Studies Nancy L. Van Dyke and Allen C. Cassaday Toward Objective Visual Impact Assessment: Photosimulation and an Alaskan Case Study Robert F. Scheele The Mandan Project - An International Perspective on EHV Transmission Line Siting V. L. Schafer, J. O. Jacobson, and W. L. Everett The Complexities of Routing a High Voltage Transmission Line Through Federal Land: A Case Study J. J. Bridges, B. S. McFarlane, J. P. Thomas, and Charles von Herrmann Communicating Impacts Bruce E. Howlett The Minnesota Direct Current Transmission Lines: What Went Wrong and Why? D. McConnon Public Issues and Efficiency in Right-of-Way Use: A Minnesota Approach Lawrence B. Hartman Clarity, Consultation, and Commitment Ingredients for Successful Transmission Line Routing Bradford M. Stern and Janis T. Munson Siting Considerations: Multiple-Use Versus Single-Use Rights-of-Way J. Michael Steinmaus Right-of-Way Sharing Bruce E. Howlett Rights-of-Way Management and Social Impact Assessment Robert C. McManus, Franki Craig, and Grant A Ross Environmental Planning for Rights-of-Way in a Rapidly Developing Multiple Resource Setting, the Alberta Deep Basin G. K. Passey and D. R. Wooley An Approach to Assessing Visual Compatibility of Transmission Lines and the Landscape W. M. Bakowski, J. K. Nickerson, and D. F. Perry Quantitative Comparison of the Aesthetic Impact of Alternative Transmission Line Corridors: A Case Study Alan Sicherman, Thomas O. Baily, and Walter R. Odening Historical/Architectural Evaluation of Vepco 230 kV Transmission Line Gregory Wroniewicz and John R. Kern Protection of the Environment During Planning and Construction of Transmission Line Projects William S. Scott Use of Computer Models in Construction of Electrical Transmission Lines in Virginia Leonard J. Simutis and Benjamin C. Johnson Legal Standards and Procedures Applicable to Electric Transmission Line Siting in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change Louise A. Knight and Allison K. Turner The Endangered Species Act and Rights-of-Way Management: Requirements, Results, and Implications of the Section 7 Consultation Process Thomas G. Shoemaker Highway Alignments and an Endangered Species, an Active Process John Rieger *Vegetation Management* Doug Smith, Session Chairman Revegetation Guideline Development for Pipeline Rights-of-Way Stephen G. Long and Scott L. Ellis Vegetation Recovery of a Pipeline Right-of-Way on a Texas Coastal Barrier Island Gregory J. Odegard, James F. George, John A. Sproul, Jr., and Ted M. Sawyer Revegetation Along Pipeline Rights-of-Way in Alaska Larry Johnson Straw Mulch for Erosion Control and Plant Establishment on Highway Rights-of-Way in San Diego County Burgess L. Kay, Walter L. Graves, and Robert L. Koenigs Plant Materials and Techniques for Revegetation of California Roadsides Raimond F. Clary, Jr. Management of Forest Stands on Highway Rights-of-Way Harold E. Young Stabilizing Highway Rights-of-Way With Rose Clovery in Southern California Walter L. Graves, Burgess L. Kay, Tom Ham, and Robert L. Koenigs Right-of-Way Rehabilitation Monitoring Using Oblique Aerial Photography R. J. Stedwill and R. E. Cooper Use of Low-Level Photography To Manage Transmission Line Rights-of-Way Joe A. Johnson Computer-Aided Right-of-Way Management Winston S. Acton Preliminary Evaluation of Garlon Herbicide as a Tool for Natural Gas Pipeline Right-of-Way Management at Southern West Virginia Richard J. Hendler, Phillip E. Reynolds, Walter D. Betsch, William Ollice, and John Williamson Computer Vegetation Management Franklin J. Chan Cost Comparison of Right-of-Way Treatment Methods Paul A. Johnston Implications of Landowner Maintenance of Powerline Rights-of-Way Robert E. Tillman, Brad L. Hahn, and Richard O. Kimmel Evaluation of Woody Vegetation on New Transmission Line Rights-of-Way Donald W. Allsbrooks, Dale K. Fowler, and Linda J. Fowler Right-of-Way Maintenance To Reduce Costs and Increase Vegetative Diversity and Wildlife Habitat- A Demonstration Jimmy C. Huntley and Dale H. Arner The Role of Chemicals in Management of Roadside Vegetation Larry D. Voorhees New York State Public Service Commission's Policy on the Management of Electric Transmission Rights-of-Way Vegetation James J. de Waal Malefyt Spike 80W as an Alternative Rexford T. Myers The Use of D-Limonene as an Adjuvant for Foliage Treatments of Woody Plants W. E. Chappell and P. L. Hipkins Right-of-Way Vegetation Produced By Aerial, Selective Basal, and Ground Foliar Herbicide Applications W. C. Bramble, W. R. Byrnes, and P. A. Johnston Plant Growth Regulator Influence on Chaparral and Native Grasses Henry Hield, T. R. Plumb, and Stuart Hemstreet Grass Growth Regulation Properties of S-Ethyl Dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) - A Three-Year Study W. E. Chappell, M. L. Link, and P. L. Hipkins Biological Processes in the Control of Risk Tree Species on Rights-of-Way in Forested Mountains: Pacific Northwest Richard D. Taber and Stephen D. West Potential Role of Allelopathy in ROW Vegetation Management Robert E. Tillman Botanical Studies in the Stability of Non-Diversity: Taxus canadensis Fran E. Egler and John P. Anderson A Preliminary Study of the Use of Jellied Fuel and Hand-Held Torches for Rights-of-Way Maintenance Dale H. Arner, William W. Elam, Danny R. Hartley, and Jim W. Lipe Use of Prescribed Burning for Managing Rights-of-Way in Central New England - Preliminary Results David P. Olson, Lee Alexander, and Socrates Macrigeanis *Aquatic Impacts* Don Gartman, Session Chairman Water Quality Concerns Associated With Pipeline Stream Crossings Patrick W. Ritter Potential Impacts of Rights-of-Way on Fishes - Analyses for Planners Mike Busdosh The Impact of a Pipeline Crossing on the Benthos of a Pennsylvania Trout Stream Donald K. Gartman Resolving Conflicts Between Two Natural Resource User Groups: Pipeline Rights-of-Way and Off-Road Vehicles Allen F. Crabtree *Effects of Pipeline Construction on Juveniles and Incubating Eggs of Mountain Whitefish (Propsopium williamsoni* Girard) in the Moyie River, British Columbia Morris Zallen Aquatic Biological Impacts of Instream Right-of-Way Construction and Characteristics of Invertebrate Community Recovery Betty Dehoney and Eugene Mancini Environmental Evaluation of Water Crossing Techniques for Pipeline Construction in Canada Dean F. Mutrie and Ian F. H. Scott Valuation of Wetlands Douglas L. Smith Wildlife Management Kent Schreiber, Session Chairman Raptor Utilization of Power Line Rights-of-Way in New Hampshire James E. Denoncour and David P. Olson Mitigating the Incidence of Bird Collisions with Transmission Lines Diane L. Beaulaurier, Brad W. James, Peter A. Jackson, James R. Meyer, and Jack M. Lee, Jr. Effects of Power-Line Corridors on the Density and Diversity of Bird Communities in Forested Areas Roger L. Kroodsma Effects of Roads on Breeding Birds Lowell W. Adams and Aelred D. Geis Effect of Vegetation Management on Bird Populations Along Electric Transmission Rights-of-Way James J. De Waal Malefyt Special Consideration for Implanting Two 735 kV Lines in the Hill Head Deer Yard; Near Montreal Pierre Lamothe and Pierre Dupuy Changes in Animal Activity Immediately Following the Experimental Clearing of a Forested Right-of-Way G. Jean Doucet and J. Roger Bider Activity of White-Tailed Deer Along an Interstate Highway Right-of-Way Kenneth R. Dixon, George A. Feldhamer, J. Edward Gates, and Dan M. Harman Determining the Effects of Rights-of-Way on Animal Movement Behavior Kenneth R. Dixon Comparative Use of Transmission Line Corridors and Parallel Study Corridors by Mule Deer in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of Central California J. Emil Morhardt, Patrick J. Coulston, and Stuart Moock A Comparison of Right-of-Way Maintenance Treatments and Use by Wildlife Danny R. Hartley, Dale H. Arner, and Jim W. Lipe Wildlife Use of Irrigation Canal Rights-of-Way in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota Thomas Gatz, Gerald Brucker, William Otto, Steven Rothe, and Dennis Orthmeyer Impacts of the Granite Reef Aqueduct on Desert Ungulates Paul R. Krausman and John J. Hervert A Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Deer Protection System on a Concrete-Lined Canal (With Comments on the Planning of These Systems) Michael E. Fry, Verne L. Wyman and Ellen H. Yeoman Extra High Voltage Health and Safety Gus Tillman, Session Chairman Environmental Impact Considerations for Future A.C. Transmission Lines of 1000-kV and Above Jack M. Lee, Jr., Alfred L. Gabriel, Kenneth A. Barnhart, and John O. Hooson Environmental Impacts of Undergrounding High Voltage Transmission: Health and Safety N. David Maloney and James J. Pachot Irrigation Systems and Their Impact Upon Existing and Proposed Transmission Lines John R. Yarner, Jr. and Shashi G. Patel The Issue of Health and Safety in the Siting of New Transmission Facilities** Frank B. Burggraf

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