PROCEEDINGS of the Fifth International Symposium
on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management

September 19-22, 1993
Montreal, Québec, Canada

Symposium Chairman, G. Jean Doucet

Editors, G. Jean Doucet, Collete Séguin and Michel Giguère

Published by Vice Présidence Environnement Hydro-Québec

FOREWORD / PRÉFACE

G. Jean Doucet
Symposium Chairman

The Fifth International Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management was held September 19-22, 1993 in Montreal, Québec, Canada. It was organized by the Vice-presidence Environnement of Hydro-Québec assisted by a Steering Committee representing industries and agencies concerned with electric, railroad, highway and pipeline right-of-way planning and management. This Symposium is a continuation of a series begun in 1976 at Mississippi State University and subsequently held in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1979, San Diego, California in 1982, and Indianapolis, Indiana in 1987. The objective of this Symposium series has been to address environmental issues related to rights-of-way.

A total of 380 participants, from the electric power, pipeline and highway industries, academia, government agencies and consulting firms from 15 countries attended the Montreal Symposium. The keynote address by Dr. Gray Merriam, 120 presentations and 2 workshops became the setting for all participants to enjoy Montreal while engaging in captivating and stimulating discussions about rights-of-way. In addition to the many papers from Canada and the United States, presentations from Japan, India, Spain, France, England and the Netherlands enabled participants to discover rights-of-way issues in these countries.

Rights-of-way being linear, they touch a great variety of environments including the pristine, the developed, the aquatic, the agricultural and the urban landscapes. All these themes and many others were discussed at the Montreal Symposium. While vegetation management remains a very important issue, changes are taking place and other topics such as biodiversity, rare species and multiple use are becoming issues of greater importance. The variety of topics discussed by researchers, planners and practitioners attest to the broad and complex environmental concerns related to rights-of-way and to the necessity of meeting at regular intervals to keep abreast of environmental advances and needs in rights-of-way management. They were exciting days!

CONTENTS

• Foreword / Préface
• Acknowledgements / Remerciements

Forum

• Cooperative Strategies for Rights-of-Way Management
  Stuart A. Buchanan
  
  
• Reconciling Aboriginal and Industrial Interests in Right-of-Way Management
  Eric Mohun and Doug Halverson
  
  
• A Successful Method for Incorporating Public Input Into Pipeline Route Planning in Ontario
  Peter G. Prier
  
  
• Aboriginal Involvement in Ontario Hydro's Transmission Facilities Planning
  Jane Tennyson, Chris A. Bancroft-Wilson and John H. Peters

Legal Aspects/Aspects legaux

• La responsabilité potentielle des détenteurs de droit de servitude en matière de contamination des sots et de la nappe [phréatique perspectives québécoise, ontarienne et américaine]
  Pierre B. Meunier

Vegetation / Vegetation

• Cost Effectiveness of Herbicide and Non-Herbicide Vegetation Management Methods for Electric Utility Rights-of-Way in the Northeast: State-of-the-Art Review
  Lawrence P. Abrahamson, Christopher A. Nowak, Philip M. Charlton and Philip G. Snyder
  
  
• Allelopathic Interactions of Parthenium hysterophorus L. and Ageratum conyzoides L. Weeds
  Krishan Singh Arya, Govind Parkash and Daizy Rani
  
  
• La biodiversité végétale et la mission du ministère des Transports du Québec
  Yves Bédard et Jean-Pierre Beaumont
  
  
• Ecological Perspectives on Tree Invasion in Rights-of-Way: Net Competitive Effects of Intact Vegetation
  Alan R. Berkowitz and Charles D. Canham
  
  
• La gestion extensive de la végétation des emprises routières et autoroutières
  Jean-Marc Bernard
  
  
• Native Plant Restoration and Visual Screening on a Natural Gas Pipeline Corridor
  Michelle F. Bissonnette and F. Jerry Kott
  
  
• Méthodologie d'évaluation du risque: Étude de cas -- Application de triclopyr dans un ravage de cerfs de Virginie
  Caroline Blouin
  
  
• The Formation of Stable Rights-of-Way Vegetation With Cover Crops - How Do You Choose Which Species to Plant?
  Doug Brown
  
  
• Post-Construction Monitoring of Right-of-Way Revegetation
  Larry Brown
  
  
• Right-of-Way Site Factors Responsible for Resistance of Certain Plant Cover Types to Tree Invasion
  W. R. Byrnes, W. C. Bramble, R. J. Hutnik and S. A. Liscinsky
  
  
• Ecological Perspectives on Tree Invasion in Rights-of-Way: Quantifying Variation Among Communities in Resistance to Tree Invasion
  Charles D. Canham, James D. Hill, Alan R. Berkowitz and Richard S. Ostfeld
  
  
• Étude de la contamination par les phytocides des bleuets et des feuilles de bouleau à papier dans les emprises de lignes de transport
  Jean Domingue, Bernard Belanger et Caroline Blouin
  
  
• Distribution of Woody Roots in Transmission Line Rows in North Louisiana
  Kenneth W. Farrish, Charles E. Rowell and James M. Dyer
  
  
• The Effect of Glyphosate and Prescribed Burning on Leguminous and Woody Plants on Rights-of-Way
  Joel D. Glover and Dale H. Arner
  
  
• Endocrine and Immune Responses of Ewe Lambs Raised on a 500 kV Transmission Line Right-of-Way
  Steven H. Hefeneider, Fred Stormshak, Sharon L. McCoy, Alison Freed, Jack Lee, Bryan E. Ogden, James Thompson, Arthur Hall and David Hess
  
  
• Allelopathic potential of volatile terpenes of Eucalyptus
  R.K. Kohli, Daljit Singh and Daizy Rani
  
  
• Restauration végétale des aires perturbées lors des travaux de construction des emprises de route
  Lucie Labbé, J. André Fortin et Gervais Pellerin
  
  
• Synthèse des études de persistance des phytocides dans les emprises de lignes de transport d'énergie électrique d'Hydro-Québec de 1987 à 1991
  Maryse Lambert
  
  
• Contrôle biologique de la végétation incompatible sous les lignes de transport d'électricité d'Hydro-Québec: Essais de compétition en serre
  Gilles Leroux et Michèle Martel
  
  
• Vegetation Management on the Iroquois Gas Transmission System Right-of-Way: Where Less Is Better
  Louise F. Mango and Craig R. Ferris
  
  
• Les critères de sélection des espèces arbustives comme contrôle de la végétation indésirable dans les emprises
  Alain Meilleur, Hélène Véronneau et André Bouchard
  
  
• Single Stem Application Techniques: A Low Impact Vegetation Management Option
  Gaétan A. Mercier and Stéphan J. Laliberté
  
  
• A Field Study of the Mobility of Supplemental Wood Pole Preservatives in Adirondack Wetlands
  Edward M. Michalenko, Swiatoslav W. Kaczmar, Bryant A. Browne and Kevin T. McLoughlin
  
  
• Determination of the Effectiveness of Herbicide Buffer Zones in Protecting Water Quality
  Logan A. Norris and Philip M. Charlton
  
  
• Selective Vegetation Management on Powerline Corridors in New York State: Tree Density and Species Composition Changes from 1975 to 1991
  Christopher A. Nowak, Lawrence P. Abrahamson, Dudley J. Raynal and Donald J. Leopold
  
  
• Ecological Perspectives on Tree Invasion in Rights-of-Way: Effects at Herbivory By Mammals
  Richard S. Ostfeld and Charles D. Canham
  
  
• Comparaison entre l'herbicide Roundup® et certaines méthodes alternatives de contrôle de la végétation
  Guy Paquette
  
  
• Crown, Biomass, and Trim/Chip Time Reduction Following Two Alternative Application Methods for Flurprimidol Tree Growth Regulator
  Kent D. Redding, Patrick L. Burch and Kenneth C. Miller
  
  
• Vegetation Management Alternatives on Transmission Line Rights-of-Way in North-Central Louisiana
  Charles E. Rowell, Kenneth W. Farrish and James M. Dyer
  
  
• Hydro-Québec Research Program on Biological Control for Rights-of-Way Vegetation Management
  Colette Seguin
  
  
• Regeneration of Vegetation on Wetland Crossings for Gas Pipeline Rights-of-Way One Year After Construction
  Linda M. Shem, R. Eric Zimmerman, Stanley D. Zellmer, Gerrit D. Van Dyke and James R. Rastorfer
  
  
• Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management: The Iowa Model
  Daryl D. Smith
  
  
• Comparison of Revegetation of a Gas Pipeline Right-of-Way in Two Forested Wetland Crossings Involving Conventional Methods of Pipeline Installation and Horizontal Drilling, Nassau County, Florida
  Gerrit D. Van Dyke, Linda M. Shem and R. Eric Zimmerman
  
  
• Biological Control of Undesirable Vegetation in Hydro-Québec Electric Transmission Rights-of-Way. Development of a Methodology and Analytical Techniques to Study Allelopathic Compounds
  Louis Varfalvy
  
  
• Méthodes expérimentales favorisant les espèces arbustives comme contrôle de la végétation indésirable dans les emprises de lignes de transport d'électricité
  Helene Veronneau, Alain Meilleur et Andre Bouchard

Pipelines / Pipelines

• Effectiveness of Horizontal Boring Operations for Stream Crossings in West Central Alberta
  Mike Houser and Ross Eccles
  
  
• Graphic Presentation of Environmental Restrictions: A Planning Tool for Pipeline Construction
  F. Jerry Kott, Ted Lofstrom and Richard Skarie
  
  
• Preconstruction Planning for Environmental Compliance of Natural Gas Pipeline Projects
  Douglas J. Lake
  
  
• Advantages and Potential Pitfalls of Directionally Controlled Horizontal Drilling for Pipeline Construction: A Case Study of the Iroquois Gas Transmission System Housatonic River Crossing
  Louise F. Mango, Craig R. Ferris and David Warman
  
  
• Pipelining in Canada and the United States: An Environmental Comparison
  Dean F. Mutrie and Karl B. Gilmore
  
  
• A Proactive Regulatory Strategy in Securing Pipeline Construction Approval
  Steven A. Ott
  
  
• The Sediment Mat: An Economical and Effective Device for Trapping Stream Sediments Disturbed by Construction
  Allen M. Peterson
  
  
• Use of Geographic Information Systems for Applications on Gas Pipeline Rights-of-Way
  Pamela J. Sydelko

Wildlife / Faune

• A Cooperative Program for the Management of Utility Line Rights-of-Way
  Dale H. Arner, Jeanne Jones, Chris Bucciantini and Benny Herring
  
  
• Protection de I'avifaune et réseau électrique aérien
  Philippe Arnold, Henri Goetschy et Gerard Wey
  
  
• Reducing Large Bird Electrocutions on a 12.5 kV Distribution Line Originally Designed to Minimize Electrocutions
  John M. Bridges and Rich Lopez
  
  
• An Experimental Winter Cut in a Powerline ROW Located in a White-Tailed Deer Yard
  Yves Garant and G. Jean Doucet
  
  
• The UNEP Convention on Biodiversity and Its Implications for Right-of-Way Selection and Development
  Randal D. Glaholt, Gina Fryer and Allison Coletta
  
  
• Seasonal Abundance and Composition at Forest Bird Communities Adjacent to a Right-of-Way in Northern Forests USA
  JoAnn M. Hanowski, Gerald J. Niemi and John G. Blake
  
  
• The Effect of Management Treatments on the Biomass, Nutritive Quality, and Utilization of Deer Forages on Utility Rights-of-Way
  Richard F. Harlow, David C. Guynn, Jr. and J. Rickie Davis
  
  
• Construction Effects of a 345 kV Electric Corridor on New York Deer Lawrence
  W. Jackson and John Hecklau
  
  
• Vulnerability of Reptiles and Amphibians to Transmission Corridors and Facilities
  James Kamstra, Steve Hounsell and Wayne Weller
  
  
• Aquatic Habitat Enhancement and Fish Utilization of Reclaimed Pipeline Stream Crossings in Alberta
  Albert Lees
  
  
• Analyse de différentes causes d'abandon de la héronnière de Watopeka Traversée par la ligne à 450 kV Radisson-Nicolet-des Cantons
  Pierre Mousseau, Michel Giguère et G. Jean Doucet
  
  
• Biodiversity Monitoring Along Transmission Corridors Using an Automated Intelligent Monitoring System (AIMS)
  Paul H. Patrick, Narayan Ramani, Ronald W. Sheehan and William Hanson
  
  
• The Effects of Electric Transmission Rights-of-Way on Trout in Forested Headwater Streams in New York
  Allen M. Peterson
  
  
• Mitigating Habitat Fragmentation Due to Road Infrastructure in the Netherlands
  Annette Piepers and Hans Bekker
  
  
• Moose (Alces alces) Harvest by Recreational Hunting Near Powerline Rights-of-Way in Québec
  Jean-Guy Ricard and G. Jean Doucet
  
  
• Observations on the Effects of Construction of a Natural Gas Pipeline Right-of-Way on Wetland Vegetation and Birds
  David J. Santillo
  
  
• Management Concerns for the Response of Blue Lupine Communities on Rights-of-Way in East-Central New York, USA To Environmental Factors and Vegetation Management
  Peter J. Smallidge, Donald J. Leopold and Craig M. Allen
  
  
• Autoroute A71- Traversée de la sologne -- Dispositifs de protection des batraciens
  Jean Volkaert et Michel Galet

Visual Aesthetics and Greenways / Polyvalence et aspects visuels

• Cooperative Management of Utility Corridors in Canada
  David T. Brown
  
  
• Access Issues in the Planning of a New Right-of-Way from Sudbury to Toronto
  Mario E. Buszynski
  
  
• Landscape Study Method for Transmission Line and Substation Projects
  Elaine Genest and Guy Moisan
  
  
• Identification et hierarchisation des impacts visuels sur Le paysage
  Jean-Paul Gravel
  
  
• Utility Corridors as Greenways: New Opportunities for Multiple Use and Public Support
  Keith G. Hay and Barbara A. Mohrman
  
  
• Visual Mitigation for a Pipeline Right-of-Way in the Northeast: A Case Study of the Iroquois Gas Transmission System
  Louise F. Mango and Craig R. Ferris
  
  
• Application of Historical and Cultural Heritages to Highway Development
  Motoko Oyadomari

Soil, Erosion and Agriculture / Sol, erosion et agriculture

• Développement d'une méthode d'évaluation du risque de contamination des eaux souterraines par les phytocides
  François Aubre, André Bériault, Denis Isabel et Pierre J. Gélinas
  
  
• Erosion Control and Restoration of Disturbed Rights-of-Way
  Franklin J. Chan
  
  
• Développement d'une méthode d'évaluation de la susceptibilité des sols agricoles à la compaction et d'une mésure rapide d'évaluation de la compacité des sols
  Jean-Pierre Dutil, Camil Dutil, Gilles Gagné, France Renaud et Yves Lefebvre
  
  
• The Performance of Flexible Erosion Control Materials
  Sally H. Godfrey, Jana P. Long and Jett A. McFalls
  
  
• Standardized Erosion Control and Revegetation Plan for the Construction of Interstate Natural Gas Pipelines
  Mark W. Jensen
  
  
• Best Management Practices for the Construction of Interstate Natural Gas Pipelines Across Wetlands and Waterbodies
  Mark C. Kalpin
  
  
• Soil Compaction Along Transmission Line Rights-of-Way and Its Effect on the Agronomic Productivity of Selected Soils
  K. J. McKague, R. A. McBride, S. Rimmer and W. S. Scott

Planning and monitoring / Planification et suivi environnemental

• Reducing the Effects of Heavy Equipment Compaction Through a Program of in situ Archaeological Site Preservation
  Anthony J. Ardito
  
  
• Public Perception of Powerline Rights-of-Way Management
  Brian N. Clark, J. Mark Fly, David A. Buehler and Richard M. Evans
  
  
• The Benefits of the Environmental Assessment Process in Electric Transmission Line Route Selection, Design, Permitting and Construction: A Case Study
  Karen Gallagher and Teja Rao
  
  
• Effective Training of Environmental Monitors for Transmission Line and Pipeline Construction
  David F. Jenkins
  
  
• Vegetation Management with Environmental Stewardship
  Richard A. Johnstone
  
  
• The Role of Defensible Visualization Technology in Highway Design in the Nineties
  Harlow C. Landphair and Terry R. Larsen
  
  
• Ontario Hydro's Environmental Monitoring Program for High-Voltage Transmission Line Construction
  Peter A. Lewis-Watts and Mary E. Gordon
  
  
• GIS Methods for Routing and Siting Utility Projects
  Mary Ann Mix
  
  
• Perception of the Visibility of High-Voltage Powerlines: Results From Three Surveys
  Antoine Moreau, Claude Richard and Denis Roberge
  
  
• Pay Me Now or Pay Me Later: Utilizing Environmental Data Between Tiered Phases of Transmission Line and Other Linear Projects
  J. R. Newman, J. A. Aufmuth, R. D. Zwolak and C. A. Adams
  
  
• Arizona Department of Transportation's Landscape Inventory and Management System: The PIMA Project
  Clifford F. Perry, Sally H. Godfrey and Terry R. Larsen
  
  
• Environmental Management of Powerlines in Spain
  Jorge Roig Soles and Javier Arevalo Camacho
  
  
• Insights Gained from Studies of Gas Pipeline Rights-of-Way of Varying Ages Through Wetlands
  R. Eric Zimmerman, Linda Shem and Gerrit D. Van Dyke

Corporate approach /Approche corporative

• Mitigation Used by Duke Power Company to Resolve Environmental Issues Associated With the E. B. Shuler Transmission Line
  R. Andy Cloninger and J. Robert Siler
  
  
• Grands enseignements du suivi environnemental de la ligne à courant continu à 450 kV Radisson-Nicolet-des Cantons
  Robert Denis, Michel Giguere et Jean-Marc Carpentier
  
  
• Development of a Comprehensive Program to Improve Transmission Line Siting and Construction Practices: The Duke Power Company Experience
  Tom Keith and Dwight Hollifield
  
  
• Choix d'un tracé optimal: Démarche théorique et application informatisée
  Hélène Létourneau, Lise Allard, Jean-Paul Gravel et Charles Siegel
  
  
• Environmental Assessments Performed by Duke Power Company to Assist in the Siting and Construction of Transmission Lines
  J. Robert Siler, David A. Braatz, C. Wayne Harden, Donald G. Cloutman and Thomas J. Wilda
  
  
• Suivi environnemental en milieu agricole de la ligne Radisson-Nicolet-des Cantons à 450 kV
  Sylvie Thibaudeau, France Renaud et Daniel Dumouchel

Abstracts / Resumes

• Influence des emprises de lignes de transport d'énergie sur I'habitat du castor
  Josée Brunelle, Jacques Ouzilleau et G. Jean Doucet
  
  
• Pipelines in Parks: Special Considerations
  Andrew C. Davis
  
  
• Hydro-Québec Guidelines on Right-of-Way Routing and Vegetation Management in Relation to White-Tailed Deer Winter Yards
  G. Jean Doucet, Gerard Philip de Laborie and Michel Giguere
  
  
• Une technique de pulvérisation qui minimise les quantités de phytocide appliqué
  Suzanne Dupuis et Jean-Yves Côté
  
  
• Utilisation polyvalente des emprises en milieu urbain
  Jacinthe Gagnon et Daniel Desaulniers
  
  
• La végétation basse: alternative écologique aux phytoeides
  Noël Grenier et Margret Grenier
  
  
• Studies of Rights-of-Way and Transmission Facilities in the Pacific Northwest
  Phillip D. Havens
  
  
• Roadside Office Helps Iowa Counties Implement New Program for Right-of-Way Vegetation Management
  Kirk Henderson
  
  
• The Environmental Impact of Lubricating Railroad Rails
  Ed Hockensmith, Jack Waggener, Charles M. West and Christopher P. L. Barkan
  
  
• Comparing the Effects of Chemical and Mechanical Vegetation Control Methods of a Railroad Right-of-Way
  Harvey A. Holt, George R. Parker, Donald J. Kaczmarek and David A. Breedlove Current
  
  
• Developments in Tree Growth Regulators
  Harvey A. Holt, William R. Chancy, David A. Breedlove, Marissa V. Carlucci, Normand J.P. Helie, Rita L. McKenzie, Donald E. Wachter, Therese A. Wasniewski, Kent D. Redding, Robert D. Fears and Wayne G. Wright
  
  
• Ecotourism Potential of Abandoned and Deserted Corridors, Halifax County, Nova Scotia
  Denise E. Jeffrey
  
  
• La maîtrise biologique de la végétation dans les corridors d'emprise de transport d'énergie par le champignon Chondrostereum Purpureum
  Robert Jobidon, Lyne Gosselin et Simon Desalliers
  
  
• Shrub Thicket Use and Diet of Willow Ptarmigan Near Roads and Powerline Rights-of-Way of the La Grande Hydroelectric Complex
  Yves Leblanc and Benoît Jobin
  
  
• Vascular Plant Species Richness and Rarity in Wetlands on Electric Power Rights-of-Way in New York
  Donald J. Leopold, Amy Van Ord and Dudley J. Raynal
  
  
• Characterization of Electric and Magnetic Fields in Transmission Line Corridors
  P. Sarma Maruvada and Paul Jutras
  
  
• Special Wildlife and Habitat Compensation Issues Resulting From Highway and Right-of-Way Development in the Arid Southwest, USA: an Arizona Perspective
  Thomas R. McMahon and Russell Haughey
  
  
• L'utilisation d'espèces arbustives comme contrôle biologique de la végétation indésirable dans les emprises de lignes de transport d'électricité
  Alain Meilleur, Hélène Véronneau et André Bouchard
  
  
• Vegetation Control Methods Demonstrated on Transmission Line Rights-of-Way
  Richard R. Swartz
  
  
• Urban Wildlife Corridors in the United Kingdom
  Max Wade and William Hamley
  
  
• The Role of Wetland Mitigation Banking in Pipeline Right-of-Way Mitigation
  Patrick L. Wilkey, Ronald C. Sundell and Koby A. Bailey

Author index / Index des auteurs